As you can see, second ring design and engineering is a complex subject, but fortunately the experts at Wiseco have the collective experience in all forms of high-performance engine builds to provide you with sound advice for your particular needs. What does the 2nd Piston Ring Do? Purpose and Function Explained! A conventional automotive ringback must work in harmony to seal combustion pressure, control oil, and transfer heat into the engine block.
Note the subtle hook shape at the edge of the ring. This is a Napier-style 2nd ring and that "hook" helps it pull oil off the cylinder wall as the piston slides down the cylinder bore.
While the oil rings do the brunt of the work "pumping" oil away from the cylinder wall face, the second ring plays a vital roll scraping it off the face of the cylinder. As rings continue to shrink in dimension to reduce friction, material and manufacturing becomes far more critical. Carbon steel is the material of choice for most performance applications, especially late-model—and offers robustness and durability far exceeding earlier, thicker rings. Thinner piston rings are far more likely to be damaged during installation than older-thicker rings.
Creating a Comfortable Workplace. Promoting Diversity and Respecting Human Rights. Intiative for Regional Society. Between the piston and cylinder, the piston ring is a part that is needed for an engine to work efficiently. Piston Rings have 4 main functions.
Function is to fully maintain in-cylinder airtightness between the piston and cylinder wall. It works hard to keep a lid on combustion gas leaking into the gap between the piston and cylinder created at the time of an explosion. If combustion gas leaked, full power could not be realized and fuel consumption would increase, which is detrimental both economically and environmentally. Function to constantly create the minimum required lubricating oil layer to prevent burn.
Inside an engine's cylinder, the piston ring is subject to high-temperature combustion gas, and, with the piston, must travel and return many thousands of times a minute, or even more.
To ensure the piston ring and cylinder do not burn, and to prevent excess lubricating oil getting inside the combustion chamber, the cylinder wall lubricating oil layer is controlled at the minimum required. When the gas explodes, the temperature inside the piston reaches a heat of approximately degrees Centigrade. If that heat remains inside the piston, the engine may be damaged, so that heat must be released from the interior.
The piston ring helps to do that. If the piston is at an angle, as it moves it makes contact with various places, and this can cause engine damage.
The piston ring supports the piston so the piston can travel smoothly up and down. Please feel free to get in touch about product information or transactions, recruitment, etc.
Domestic Locations Domestic Affiliated Companies. Corporate Governance Risk Management Compliance. All Rights Reserved. The wiper ring, sometimes called the scraper ring, Napier ring, or back-up compression ring, is the next ring away from the cylinder head on the piston.
The wiper ring provides a consistent thickness of oil film to lubricate the running surface of the compression ring. The tapered angle is positioned toward the oil reservoir and provides a wiping action as the piston moves toward the crankshaft.
The taper angle provides contact that routes excess oil on the cylinder wall to the oil ring for return to the oil reservoir. A wiper ring incorrectly installed with the tapered angle closest to the compression ring results in excessive oil consumption.
This is caused by the wiper ring wiping excess oil toward the combustion chamber. An oil ring includes two thin rails or running surfaces. Holes or slots cut into the radial center of the ring allow the flow of excess oil back to the oil reservoir. Oil rings are commonly one piece, incorporating all of these features. Some on-piece oil rings utilize a spring expander to apply additional radial pressure to the piston ring.
This increases the unit measured amount of force and running surface size pressure applied at the cylinder wall. The oil ring has the highest inherent pressure of the three rings on the piston. The oil rings are located on each side of the expander. The expander usually contains multiple slots or windows to return oil to the piston ring groove.
The oil ring uses inherent piston ring pressure, expander pressure, and the high unit pressure provided by the small running surface of the thin rails. The piston acts as the movable end of the combustion chamber and must withstand pressure fluctuations, thermal stress, and mechanical load.
Piston material and design contribute to the overall durability and performance of an engine. Most pistons are made from die- or gravity-cast aluminum alloy. Cast aluminum alloy is lightweight and has good structural integrity and low manufacturing costs.
The light weight of aluminum reduces the overall mass and force necessary to initiate and maintain acceleration of the piston. In almost all cases, each individual ring in a three-ring set will be designed so as to optimize or help the functions of the other two rings. In this way, it's easy to understand that while each ring in the three-ring pack is unique, the ring pack as a whole is really designed as a 'system', where each ring is 'tuned' to make the complete 3-piece set work most effectively in the engine.
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