Open search Close main menu. Open main menu Close main menu Open search Close main menu. Search form Search this site: Submit Search. Tool - Is your drinking okay? Tool - How much are you drinking? For an interactive look at alcohol moving through the human body, click here What is "one drink"? BAC measures the ratio of alcohol in the blood. So, a BAC of. Effects of blood alcohol content on thinking, feeling and behavior: Now that you know how to calculate BAC, see how alcohol affects your body at different levels.
Why are men and women different? Ability to metabolize alcohol Women have less dehydrogenase, a liver enzyme that breaks down alcohol, than men. Hormonal factors Premenstrual hormonal changes cause intoxication to set in faster during the days right before a woman gets her period. Women are more susceptible to long-term alcohol-induced damage.
Women who are heavy drinkers are at greater risk of liver disease, damage to the pancreas and high blood pressure than male heavy drinkers. Proportionately more alcoholic women die from cirrhosis than do alcoholic men.
What other factors affect your response to alcohol? Food Having food in your stomach can have a powerful influence on the absorption of alcohol. Asian descent Some people of Asian descent have more difficulty metabolizing alcohol.
Family History First-degree relatives children, siblings or parents of alcoholics have been estimated to have a seven times greater chance of developing alcoholism. What is the difference between a blackout and passing out? What is a hangover and can I prevent it?
The only way to prevent a hangover is to drink in moderation: Eat a good dinner and continue to snack throughout the night. Alternate one alcoholic drink with one non-alcoholic drink. Avoid drinking games or shots. Drinking a large amount of alcohol in a short amount of time is the most likely way to become dangerously intoxicated. This simply puts more alcohol in your body and prolongs the effects of the alcohol intoxication.
Having caffeine while drinking will not counteract the intoxication of alcohol; you simply get a more alert drunk person. Excessive caffeine will continue to lower your blood sugar and dehydrate you even more than alcohol alone.
Giving water to someone who is throwing up. Once the stomach is irritated enough to cause vomiting, it doesn't matter what you put into it -- it's going to come back up. Any liquid will cause a spasm reaction and more vomiting. Heart: Drinking a lot over a long time or too much on a single occasion can damage the heart, causing problems including: Cardiomyopathy — Stretching and drooping of heart muscle Arrhythmias — Irregular heart beat Stroke High blood pressure Liver: Heavy drinking takes a toll on the liver, and can lead to a variety of problems and liver inflammations including: Steatosis, or fatty liver Alcoholic hepatitis Fibrosis Cirrhosis Pancreas: Alcohol causes the pancreas to produce toxic substances that can eventually lead to pancreatitis, a dangerous inflammation and swelling of the blood vessels in the pancreas that prevents proper digestion.
Esophageal cancer, particularly esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, people who inherit a deficiency in an enzyme that metabolizes alcohol have been found to have substantially increased risks of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma if they consume alcohol. Liver cancer. Breast cancer: Studies have consistently found an increased risk of breast cancer in women with increasing alcohol intake.
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